Itandukanyirizo ryicyiciro hagati yingufu ebyiri zikoresha amashanyarazi

1. Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yimihindagurikire yumuriro w'amashanyarazi mugihe ihindagurika rya sisitemu n'umuzunguruko mugufi?

1) Muburyo bwo kunyeganyega, ubwinshi bwamashanyarazi bugenwa nicyiciro cya fonction itandukaniro hagati ya electromotive

imbaraga za generator mubikorwa bisa biringaniye, mugihe ubwinshi bwamashanyarazi mumuzunguruko mugufi butunguranye.

2) Muburyo bwo kunyeganyega, inguni hagati ya voltage kumwanya uwariwo wose kuri gride ya power ihinduka hamwe nikinyuranyo cya

Icyiciro cya fonction hagati ya sisitemu ya electromotive imbaraga, mugihe inguni iri hagati ya voltage na voltage ntigihinduka

mugihe gito.

3) Muburyo bwo kunyeganyega, sisitemu irasa, kuburyo hariho ibice byiza bikurikirana mumashanyarazi

ingano, hamwe nuburyo bubi cyangwa ibice bya zeru byanze bikunze bizagaragara mumashanyarazi mugihe

umuzunguruko mugufi.

2. Ni irihe hame ryigikoresho cyo guhagarika ihindagurika rikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo kurinda intera muri iki gihe?

Ni ubuhe bwoko?

Byakozwe ukurikije umuvuduko wimpinduka zubu mugihe sisitemu ihindagurika hamwe namakosa nibitandukaniro bya buri

Ibice bikurikirana.Bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibikoresho byo guhagarika ihindagurika bigizwe nibice bikurikirana

cyangwa ibice bikurikirana byiyongera.

3. Ni ikwirakwizwa rya zeru zikurikirana zijyanye niki mugihe umuzunguruko mugufi ubaye muri sisitemu idafite aho ibogamiye?

Ikwirakwizwa rya zeru zikurikirana zijyanye gusa na zeru zikurikirana za sisitemu.Ingano ya zeru

reaction iterwa nubushobozi bwo guhinduranya transformateur muri sisitemu, umubare n'umwanya wa point ya neutre

hasi.Iyo umubare wa transformateur utagira aho ubogamiye wongeyeho cyangwa wagabanutse, zeru zikurikirana

imiyoboro ya reaction ya sisitemu izahinduka, bityo ihindure ikwirakwizwa rya zeru zikurikirana.

4. Nibihe bigize umuyoboro wa HF?

Igizwe numuyoboro mwinshi wa transsiver, umugozi mwinshi, umutego mwinshi wumutego, guhuza akayunguruzo, guhuza

ubushobozi, umurongo wohereza hamwe nisi.

5. Ni irihe hame ryakazi ryo gutandukanya icyiciro cyo kurinda inshuro nyinshi?

Gereranya mu buryo butaziguye icyiciro kiriho kumpande zombi zumurongo urinzwe.Niba icyerekezo cyiza cyubu kuri buri ruhande

isobanuwe gutembera muri bisi kugera kumurongo, itandukaniro ryicyiciro cyumuyaga kumpande zombi ni dogere 180 munsi yubusanzwe

n'amakosa magufi yo hanze.Mu gihe habaye ikosa ryimbere ryimbere, niba itandukaniro ryicyiciro hagati ya electromotive

imbaraga za vectors kumpera zombi zibaho gitunguranye, icyiciro cyo gutandukanya ikigezweho kumpera zombi ni zeru.Icyiciro

isano yumuriro wumurongo wamashanyarazi woherejwe kurundi ruhande ukoresheje ibimenyetso byihuta.Uwiteka

ibikoresho byo kurinda byashyizwe kumpande zombi zumurongo bikora ukurikije ibimenyetso byakiriwe-byihuta byerekana

icyiciro cyubu cyimpande zombi mugihe inguni yicyiciro ari zeru, kugirango ibice byumuzunguruko kumpande zombi bigende kimwe

igihe, Rero kugirango tugere ku ntego yo gukuraho amakosa byihuse.

6. Kurinda gaze ni iki?

Iyo transformateur yananiwe, kubera gushyushya cyangwa arc gutwika mugihe gito-cyumuzunguruko, amavuta ya transformateur araguka,

igitutu kibyara, na gaze ikabyara cyangwa ikangirika, bigatuma amavuta atemba yihuta kuri conservateur, urwego rwa peteroli

ibitonyanga, hamwe na gazi ya rezo ihuza irakora, ikora kumurongo wikurikiranya.Uku kurinda kwitwa kurinda gaze.

7. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kurinda gaze?

1) Polifase mugihe gito cyumuzunguruko muri transformateur

2) Hindura kugirango uhindure uruziga rugufi, hindukirira guhindura umuzenguruko mugufi hamwe nicyuma cyuma cyangwa uruziga rugufi rwo hanze

3).Kunanirwa

4) Urwego rwa peteroli rugabanuka cyangwa rutemba

5) Guhuza nabi kwa kanda ya kanda cyangwa gusudira nabi

8. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo kurinda impinduka zitandukanye no kurinda gazi?

Kurinda impinduka zitandukanye kurinda byateguwe hakurikijwe ihame ryo kuzenguruka uburyo bugezweho, mugihe i

kurinda gazi bishyirwaho ukurikije ibiranga peteroli na gaze biterwa namakosa yimbere ya transformateur.

Amahame yabo aratandukanye, kandi urwego rwo kurinda narwo ruratandukanye.Kurinda gutandukana nuburinzi nyamukuru

ya transformateur na sisitemu yayo, kandi umurongo usohoka nawo murwego rwo kurinda itandukaniro.Kurinda gaze ningenzi

kurinda mugihe habaye amakosa yimbere ya transformateur.

9. Ni uwuhe murimo wo kwisubiraho?

1) Mugihe umurongo watsinzwe byigihe gito, amashanyarazi azagarurwa vuba kugirango arusheho kwizerwa kumashanyarazi.

2) Kumurongo wogukwirakwiza mwinshi hamwe nimbaraga zombi zitanga amashanyarazi, ituze ryimikorere ya parallel irashobora

kunozwa, bityo kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kohereza umurongo.

3) Irashobora gukosora ingendo yibinyoma iterwa nuburyo bubi bwo kumena imashanyarazi cyangwa gukora nabi.

10. Ni ibihe bisabwa ibikoresho byo guhunika bigomba kuba byujuje?

1) Igikorwa cyihuse no guhitamo icyiciro cyikora

2) Impanuka zose ntizemewe

3) Gusubiramo byikora nyuma yibikorwa

4).Gutembera intoki cyangwa gufunga intoki ntibishobora guhagarara mugihe habaye umurongo wamakosa

11. Nigute guhuza ibikorwa bikora?

Ikosa rimwe ryicyiciro, icyiciro kimwe cyo guhagarika, kugendana ibyiciro bitatu nyuma yo gukuraho amakosa ahoraho;Icyiciro kugeza icyiciro

ingendo ibyiciro bitatu, nibice bitatu byuzuzanya.

12. Nigute gusubiramo ibyiciro bitatu bikora?

Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'amakosa butwara ibyiciro bitatu, ibyiciro bitatu byo kwisubiraho, hamwe namakosa ahoraho akora ibyiciro bitatu.

 
13. Nigute gusubiramo icyiciro kimwe bikora?

Ikosa rimwe, icyiciro kimwe gihurirana;Icyiciro kugirango icyiciro kibeho, ntabwo ari impanuka nyuma yicyiciro cya gatatu.

 
14. Ni uwuhe murimo wo kugenzura ugomba gukorwa kuri transformateur ya voltage nshya yashyizwe mu bikorwa cyangwa ivugururwa

iyo ihujwe na sisitemu ya voltage?

Gupima icyiciro kugeza kuri voltage, zero zikurikirana zeru, voltage ya buri cyiciro cya kabiri kizunguruka, reba icyiciro gikurikirana

no kugena icyiciro

15. Ni izihe nzitizi igikoresho gikingira gikwiye kwihanganira ingufu za testi yumuriro wa 1500V?

110V cyangwa 220V DC umuzenguruko hasi.

16. Ni izihe nzitizi igikoresho gikingira gikwiye kwihanganira ingufu za testi yumuriro wa 2000V?

1).Ibanze kugeza kumuzunguruko wa AC voltage ihindura igikoresho;

2).Ibanze kugeza kubutaka bwa AC ihinduranya igikoresho;

3) Umurongo winyuma kumurongo wubutaka bwibikoresho (cyangwa ecran);

17. Ni izihe nzitizi zikoreshwa mukurinda zikwiye kwihanganira ingufu za 1000V zipima ingufu?

Buri jambo ryo guhuza kumurongo wubutaka ukora muri 110V cyangwa 220V DC;Hagati ya buri jambo ryitumanaho, na

hagati yingirakamaro na static iherezo ryitumanaho.

18. Ni izihe nzitizi igikoresho cyo gukingira gikwiye kwihanganira ingufu za testi ya 500V?

1) Inzira ya DC yumuzunguruko;

2) Inzira ya DC yumuzunguruko kugeza kumashanyarazi menshi;

3) 18 ~ 24V umuzenguruko hasi hamwe na voltage yagenwe;

19. Vuga muri make imiterere ya electromagnetic intera relay?

Igizwe na electromagnet, coil, armature, guhuza, isoko, nibindi.

20. Vuga muri make imiterere yikimenyetso cya DX?

Igizwe na electromagnet, coil, armature, dinamike na static ihuza, ikibaho cyibimenyetso, nibindi.

21. Nibihe bikorwa byibanze byibikoresho byo kurinda relay?

Iyo sisitemu yamashanyarazi yananiwe, ibikoresho bimwe byamashanyarazi byifashishwa mugukuraho vuba igice cyamakosa

sisitemu yimbaraga.Iyo ibintu bidasanzwe bibaye, ibimenyetso byoherejwe mugihe cyo kugabanya amakosa, kugabanya

gutakaza amakosa no kwemeza imikorere ya sisitemu.

22. Kurinda intera ni iki?

Nigikoresho cyo gukingira kigaragaza intera yamashanyarazi kuva kwishyiriraho kurinda aho ikosa

akanagena igihe cyibikorwa ukurikije intera.

23. Kurinda inshuro nyinshi ni iki?

Umurongo umwe wohereza umurongo ukoreshwa nkumuyoboro mwinshi wohereza umuyoboro mwinshi, na bibiri

kimwe cya kabiri cyo kurinda ingufu zumuriro wamashanyarazi (nkicyiciro cyubu, icyerekezo cyingufu) cyangwa ibindi

ingano igaragara kumpera zombi zumurongo zahujwe nkuburinzi nyamukuru bwumurongo utagaragaje

amakosa yo hanze yumurongo.

24. Ni izihe nyungu n'ibibi byo kurinda intera?

Ibyiza ni sensibilité yo hejuru, irashobora kwemeza ko umurongo wikosa ushobora guhitamo gukuraho amakosa muburyo bugereranije

igihe gito, kandi ntabwo bigira ingaruka kubikorwa bya sisitemu nuburyo bwimikorere.Ingaruka zayo ni uko iyo

uburinzi butakaza AC voltage, bizatera uburinzi gukora nabi.Kuberako kurinda inzitizi

ikora iyo igipimo cyapimwe agaciro kangana cyangwa kiri munsi yagaciro kashyizweho.Niba voltage itunguranye

kuzimira, uburinzi buzakora nabi.Niyo mpamvu, ingamba zikwiye zigomba gufatwa.

25. Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bwo gufunga icyerekezo cyo kurinda?

Ihame ryibanze ryo guhagarika umurongo wo kurinda icyerekezo gishingiye ku kugereranya icyerekezo cyingufu kuri

impande zombi z'umurongo urinzwe.Iyo imbaraga zumuzunguruko mugufi kumpande zombi zitemba kuva bisi kugera kumurongo, kurinda

Urugendo.Kubera ko umuyoboro mwinshi utagira umuyoboro usanzwe, kandi iyo habaye amakosa yo hanze, uruhande

hamwe nimbaraga zitari nziza zohereza ibimenyetso byinshi byo guhagarika ibimenyetso kugirango uhagarike kurinda kumpande zombi, byitwa

umurongo-mwinshi uhagarika kurinda icyerekezo.

26. Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bwo guhagarika intera irinda?

Kurinda inshuro nyinshi nuburinzi kugirango tumenye ibikorwa byihuse byumurongo wose, ariko ntibishobora gukoreshwa nku

gusubira inyuma kurinda bisi n'imirongo yegeranye.Nubwo kurinda intera bishobora kugira uruhare rwo kurinda bisi

n'imirongo iherekejwe, irashobora gukurwaho vuba mugihe amakosa abaye hafi 80% y'imirongo.Umuvuduko mwinshi

guhagarika kurinda intera ikomatanya kurinda inshuro nyinshi kurinda impedance.Mugihe habaye amakosa imbere,

umurongo wose urashobora gucibwa vuba, kandi ibikorwa byo kurinda ibikubiyemo birashobora gukinwa mugihe bisi hamwe numurongo ujyanye.

27. Nibihe byapa bikingira bigomba gukurwaho mugihe cyo kugenzura buri gihe kurinda relay

ibikoresho mu ruganda rwacu?

(1) Kunanirwa gutangira gukanda;

(2) Kurinda inzitizi ntoya ya generator ya transformateur;

.

28. Iyo PT ivunitse, ni ibihe bikoresho bikingira bigomba gusohoka?

(1) igikoresho cya AVR;

(2) Igikoresho gihagaze ibikoresho byikora byikora;

(3) Gutakaza uburinzi bushimishije;

(4) Kurinda imiyoboro ya interineti;

(5) Kurinda inzitizi nke;

(6) Umuvuduko muke wa voltage urenze urugero;

(7) Umuvuduko muke wa bisi;

(8) Kurinda intera;

29. Ni ibihe bikorwa byo kurinda SWTA bizagenda kuri 41MK?

(1) OXP kurinda birenze urugero ibikorwa bitatu;

(2) Inshuro 1,2 V / HZ gutinda kumasegonda 6;

(3) Inshuro 1.1 zo gutinda kwa V / HZ amasegonda 55;

(4) ICL ako kanya imipaka igabanya ibice bitatu;

30. Nibihe bikorwa bya inrush ihagarika ibintu byo kurinda itandukaniro rya transformateur nyamukuru?

Usibye imikorere yo gukumira maloperation ya transformateur munsi ya inrush, irashobora kandi gukumira maloperation

byatewe no kwiyuzuza kwa transformateur mugihe habaye amakosa hanze yakarere.