Ihuza nyamukuru ryamashanyarazi ryerekeza cyane cyane kumuzunguruko wagenewe guhura nogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi byateganijwe

ibisabwa mumashanyarazi, insimburangingo na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, kandi byerekana isano ihuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi menshi

ibikoresho.Ihuza nyamukuru ryamashanyarazi numuyoboro wamashanyarazi nogukwirakwiza hamwe numurongo winjira kandi usohoka

y'amashanyarazi nkumuhuza wibanze na bisi nkumuhuza hagati.

Muri rusange, insinga nyamukuru z’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi zigomba kuba zujuje ibyangombwa bikurikira:

1) Menya neza ko amashanyarazi akenewe yizewe hamwe nubwiza bwamashanyarazi ukurikije ibisabwa na sisitemu nabakoresha.Amahirwe make

yo guhagarika ku gahato amashanyarazi mugihe gikora, niko kwizerwa kwinsinga nkuru.

2) Inzira nyamukuru igomba guhinduka kugirango ihuze ibisabwa byimikorere itandukanye ya sisitemu yamashanyarazi nibikoresho nyamukuru, kandi

igomba kandi kuba nziza kubungabunga.

3) Inzira nyamukuru igomba kuba yoroshye kandi isobanutse, kandi ibikorwa bizoroha, kugirango hagabanuke intambwe zikorwa zisabwa kuri

kwinjiza cyangwa gukuraho ibice byingenzi.

4) Mugihe cyo kuzuza ibisabwa haruguru, amafaranga yishoramari nigikorwa ni make.

5) Ibishoboka byo kwaguka.

Iyo hari imirongo myinshi yinjira kandi isohoka (imirongo irenga 4), kugirango byoroherezwe gukusanya no gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi,

bisi ikunze gushyirwaho nkumuhuza hagati.

Harimo: guhuza bisi imwe, guhuza bisi ebyiri, 3/2 guhuza, 4/3 guhuza, guhuza bisi ya tsinda.

Iyo umubare wumurongo winjira kandi usohoka ari muto (munsi cyangwa ingana na sisitemu 4), kugirango uzigame ishoramari, nta bisi ishobora gushyirwaho.

Harimo: insinga za unité, wiring ikiraro na wiring angle.

1 connection Guhuza bisi imwe

Ihuza hamwe nitsinda rimwe gusa rya bisi ryitwa guhuza bisi imwe, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1.

Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo mbonera cya bisi ihuza

Ikiranga bisi ihuza ni uko amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi atanga umurongo umwe wa bisi.Muri

gutegeka gufungura cyangwa guca umurongo uwo ari wo wose winjira cyangwa usohoka, buri cyerekezo gifite ibikoresho byumuzunguruko bishobora gufungura cyangwa gufunga uruziga

mubihe bitandukanye byo gukora (nkuko bigaragara muri DL1 mu gishushanyo 1).Iyo bibaye ngombwa kubungabunga inzitizi zumuzingi no kwemeza ko

amashanyarazi asanzwe yindi mirongo, izitandukanya (G1 ～ G4) igomba gushyirwaho kumpande zombi za buri cyuma kizunguruka.Igikorwa cya

guhagarika ni ukwemeza ko icyuma cyumuzunguruko cyitandukanije nibindi bice bizima mugihe cyo kubungabunga, ariko ntibigabanye umuyaga muri

umuzenguruko.Nkuko icyuma cyumuzunguruko gifite igikoresho kizimya arc, ariko ugahagarika ntabwo, uwahagaritse agomba gukurikiza ihame rya

"Kora mbere yo kuruhuka" mugihe gikora: mugihe uhuza uruziga, uhagarika agomba kubanza gufungwa;Noneho funga inzitizi zumuzingi;

Iyo uhagaritse uruziga, uwomuzunguruko azabanza guhagarikwa, hanyuma ugahagarika.Byongeye, uwahagaritse arashobora

gukorerwa muburyo bwa equipotential.

Ibyiza byingenzi byo guhuza bisi imwe: byoroshye, biragaragara, byoroshye gukora, ntabwo byoroshye gukoresha nabi, ishoramari rito, kandi byoroshye kwaguka.

Ingaruka nyamukuru za bisi imwe: iyo guhagarika bisi binaniwe cyangwa kuvugururwa, ibikoresho byose byamashanyarazi bigomba guhagarikwa, bikavamo

imbaraga zo kunanirwa igikoresho cyose.Mubyongeyeho, mugihe icyuma cyumuzunguruko kivuguruye, umuzenguruko ugomba no guhagarara mugihe cyose

igihe cyo kuvugurura.Kubera amakosa yavuzwe haruguru, guhuza bisi imwe ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gutanga amashanyarazi kubakoresha byingenzi.

Ingano yo gukoresha bisi imwe ihuza: irakoreshwa kumashanyarazi mato mato mato mato cyangwa amashanyarazi hamwe na generator imwe gusa

cyangwa impinduka imwe nyamukuru hamwe na sisitemu zisohoka muri sisitemu ya 6 ~ 220kV.

2 connection Guhuza igice cya bisi imwe

Ingaruka zo guhuza bisi imwe irashobora kuneshwa nuburyo bwo kugabana, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2.

Igishushanyo cya 2 Icyiciro cya Wiring ya bisi imwe

Iyo icyuma cyumuzunguruko gishyizwe hagati ya bisi, bisi igabanyijemo ibice bibiri, kugirango abakoresha byingenzi bashobore gukoreshwa na

imirongo ibiri ihujwe n'ibice bibiri bya bisi.Iyo igice icyo aricyo cyose cya bisi cyananiranye, abakoresha bose b'ingenzi ntibazacibwa.Byongeye kandi, bisi ebyiri

ibice birashobora gusukurwa no kuvugururwa ukundi, bishobora kugabanya kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi kubakoresha.

Kuberako insinga imwe ya bisi itagumana gusa ibyiza bya bisi imwe yonyine, nkubworoherane, ubukungu na

korohereza, ariko kandi ikora ibibi byayo kurwego runaka, kandi imikorere ihindagurika iratera imbere (irashobora gukora muburyo bubangikanye cyangwa muri

inkingi zitandukanye), ubu buryo bwo gukoresha bwakoreshejwe cyane.

Nyamara, insinga zigabanijwe za bisi imwe nayo ifite imbogamizi zikomeye, ni ukuvuga, mugihe igice cya bisi cyangwa guhagarika bisi byananiranye

cyangwa ivugururwa, inzira zose zahujwe na bisi zigomba gukoreshwa igihe kirekire mugihe cyo kuvugurura.Biragaragara, ibi ntabwo byemewe

amashanyarazi manini yingufu nimbaraga za hub.

Igipimo cyo gukoresha insinga imwe ya bisi igice: ikoreshwa kuri 6 ~ 10kV insinga z'amashanyarazi mato mato mato mato na 6 ~ 220kV.

3 bus Bus imwe hamwe na bisi ihuza

Bisi imwe hamwe na bisi ihuza byerekanwa mubishusho 3.

Igishushanyo cya 3 Bisi imwe hamwe na bisi ya bypass

Imikorere ya bisi ya bypass: kubungabunga ibyuma byose byinjira kandi bisohoka bishobora gukorwa nta gutsindwa kwamashanyarazi.

Intambwe zo kubungabunga bidasubirwaho kumashanyarazi yamashanyarazi QF1:

1) Koresha bypass circuit breaker QF0 kugirango wishyure bus bypass W2, funga QSp1 na QSp2, hanyuma ufunge GFp.

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3) Sohoka kumena inzitizi QF19 hanyuma ukure QF1, QS12 na QS11.

4) Manika insinga zubutaka (cyangwa icyuma cyo hasi) kumpande zombi za QF1 kugirango ubungabunge.

Amahame yo gushiraho bisi ya bypass:

1) Imirongo 10kV muri rusange ntabwo yashizweho kuko abakoresha byingenzi bakoreshwa nibikoresho bibiri;Igiciro cyumuzingi wa 10kV

kumena ni bike, kandi bidasanzwe byihagararaho byumuzunguruko hamwe na handcart yamashanyarazi bishobora gushirwaho.

2) Imirongo 35kV muri rusange ntabwo yashizweho kubwimpamvu zimwe, ariko ibintu bikurikira nabyo birashobora gusuzumwa: mugihe hari

imirongo myinshi isohoka (irenga 8);Hano haribindi byingenzi byabakoresha no gutanga amashanyarazi imwe.

3) Iyo hari imirongo myinshi isohoka ya 110kV no hejuru yumurongo, muri rusange zashizweho kubera igihe kirekire cyo kubungabunga

yo kumena inzitizi (iminsi 5-7);Ingano yingaruka zumurongo ni nini.

4) Bisi ya bypass ntabwo yashyizwe mumashanyarazi mato mato mato kandi aringaniye kuko kubungabunga imiyoboro yamashanyarazi ari

gutondekanya mugihe cyamazi asharira.

4 guhuza kabiri

Uburyo bubiri bwo guhuza bus busabwa kubitagenda neza bya bisi imwe ihuza ibice.Uburyo bwibanze bwo guhuza ni

yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 4, ni ukuvuga, usibye bisi ikora 1, itsinda rya bisi zihagarara 2 ryongeyeho.

Igishushanyo cya 4 Guhuza bisi ebyiri

Kubera ko hari amatsinda abiri ya bisi, arashobora gukoreshwa nka standby kuri mugenzi we.Amatsinda abiri ya bisi ahujwe na karuvati

kumena umuzenguruko DL, kandi buri muzunguruko uhujwe nitsinda ryamatsinda abiri ya bisi unyuze kumuzunguruko hamwe nuduce tubiri.

Mugihe cyo gukora, uhuza uhuza bisi ikora arahuza kandi uhuza na bisi ihagaze

ni Byaciwe.

Ibiranga guhuza bisi ebyiri:

1) Hinduranya gusana bisi utabangamiye amashanyarazi.Mugihe cyo gusana bisi itandukanya uruziga urwo arirwo rwose, gusa

guhagarika umuzenguruko.

2) Iyo bisi ikora yananiwe, imiyoboro yose irashobora kwimurwa muri bisi ihagaze, kugirango igikoresho gishobora kugarura vuba amashanyarazi.

3) Mugihe cyo gusana icyuma cyumuzunguruko cyumuzunguruko uwo ariwo wose, amashanyarazi yumuzunguruko ntazahagarara umwanya muremure.

4) Iyo umuzenguruko wumuzunguruko wumuzunguruko ukenera kugeragezwa ukundi, umuzenguruko urashobora gutandukana kandi ugahuzwa na

bisi ihagaze ukwayo.

Igikorwa cyingenzi cya bisi ihuza ni uguhindura bus.Ibikurikira byerekana intambwe yo gukora ufata i

kubungabunga bisi ikora hamwe na break break yamashanyarazi nkurugero.

(1) Kubungabunga bisi y'akazi

Kugirango usane bisi ikora, ibikoresho byose byumurongo numurongo bigomba guhinduka kuri bisi ihagaze.Kugirango ubigereho, banza urebe niba uhagaze

bisi imeze neza.Uburyo nuguhuza bisi ya bisi yameneka DL kugirango bisi ihagarare neza.Niba bisi ihagaze ifite ubukene

gukingirwa cyangwa amakosa, kumena inzitizi bizahita bitandukana nigikorwa cyo kurinda relay;Iyo nta kosa ririmo

bisi isanzwe, DL izakomeza guhuzwa.Muri iki gihe, kubera ko amatsinda abiri ya bisi afite ibikoresho, abahagarika bose kuri standby

bisi irashobora guhuzwa mbere, hanyuma ugahagarika byose kuri bisi ikora irashobora guhagarikwa, kugirango bisi yoherejwe irangire.Hanyuma,

bisi ya bisi yameneka DL nuyitandukanya hagati yayo na bisi ikora igomba guhagarikwa.Kugirango rero ubatandukanye kugirango ubungabunge.

(2) Sana icyuma cyumuzingi kumurongo umwe usohoka

Igishushanyo cya 5 Gucunga bisi zibiri

Mugihe cyo kuvugurura ibice byumuzunguruko kumurongo uwo ariwo wose usohoka udategereje ko umurongo uzimya igihe kirekire, kurugero,

mugihe cyo kuvugurura icyuma cyumurongo kumurongo usohoka L mubishusho 5, banza ukoreshe bisi ya karuvati ya DL1 kugirango ugerageze ko bisi ihagaze irimo

imiterere myiza, ni ukuvuga, guhagarika DL1, hanyuma uhagarike DL2 hanyuma uhagarike G1 na G2 kumpande zombi, hanyuma uhagarike icyerekezo

umuhuza wamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi DL2, usimbuze icyuma cyumuzingi DL2 nuwasimbutse byigihe gito, hanyuma uhuze umuhuza G3

ihujwe na bisi ihagaze, Noneho funga umurongo kuruhande rwa G1, hanyuma ufunge bisi ya karuvati ya DL1, kugirango umurongo L ushyirwe

kongera gukora.Muri iki gihe, bisi ya karuvati yamashanyarazi isimbuza imikorere yamashanyarazi, kugirango Line L ikomeze

gutanga amashanyarazi.

Muri make, inyungu nyamukuru ya bisi ebyiri nuko sisitemu ya bisi ishobora kuvugururwa bitagize ingaruka kumashanyarazi.Ariko,

guhuza bisi ebyiri bifite ibibi bikurikira:

1) Gukoresha insinga biragoye.Kugirango utange umukino wuzuye kubyiza bya bisi ihuza kabiri, ibikorwa byinshi byo guhinduranya bigomba kuba

bikorwa, cyane cyane iyo guhagarika bifatwa nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi bikora, byoroshye guteza impanuka zikomeye

kubera imikorere mibi.

2) Iyo bisi ikora yananiwe, ingufu zizacibwa mugihe gito mugihe cyo guhinduranya bisi.Nubwo bisi ya karuvati yamashanyarazi irashobora

gukoreshwa mugusimbuza inzitizi zumuzingi mugihe cyo kubungabunga, igihe gito amashanyarazi aracyakenewe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho kandi

guhuza utubari dusimbuka, ntabwo byemewe kubakoresha byingenzi.

3) Umubare wabatandukanya bisi wiyongereye cyane ugereranije na bisi ihuza, bityo byongera ubuso bwimbaraga

ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza no gushora imari.

5 Guhuza bisi ebyiri hamwe na bus bypass

Kugirango wirinde imbaraga zigihe gito mugihe cyo gufata ibyuma byumuzunguruko, bisi ebyiri hamwe na bisi ya bypass irashobora gukoreshwa, nkuko bigaragara

mu gishushanyo cya 6.

Igishushanyo cya 6 Bisi ebyiri hamwe na bisi ihuza

Bus 3 mu gishushanyo cya 6 ni bisi ya bypass, naho kumena umuzenguruko DL1 niyumuzunguruko uhuza bisi ya bypass.Ari mumwanya

mugihe gikora gisanzwe.Iyo bibaye ngombwa gusana icyuma icyo ari cyo cyose cyangiza, DL1 irashobora gukoreshwa aho gutera imbaraga zo kunanirwa.Kurugero,

mugihe icyuma cyumuzingi DL2 kumurongo L gikeneye kuvugururwa, icyuma cyumuzingi DL1 kirashobora gufungwa kugirango ingufu za bisi zambukiranya, hanyuma bisi

guhagarika G4 birashobora gufungwa, amaherezo yamashanyarazi DL2 irashobora guhagarikwa, hanyuma ugahagarika G1, G2, G3 urashobora guhagarikwa.

kuvugurura DL2.

Muri bisi imwe hamwe na bisi ebyiri zihuza zasobanuwe haruguru, umubare wamuzunguruko ni munini kuruta umubare wa

imiyoboro ihujwe.Bitewe nigiciro kinini cyumubyigano mwinshi wumuriro wumuriro, ahakenewe kwishyiriraho nawo ni munini, cyane cyane iyo

urwego rwa voltage ruri hejuru, iki kibazo kiragaragara.Kubwibyo, umubare wamashanyarazi azagabanuka uko bishoboka

duhereye ku bukungu.Iyo hari imirongo mike isohoka, guhuza ikiraro nta bisi birashobora gutekerezwa.

Iyo hariho transformateur ebyiri gusa nimirongo ibiri yohereza mumuzunguruko, harasabwa kumenagura imirongo mike kugirango uhuze ikiraro.

Ihuza ry'ikiraro rishobora kugabanywa "ubwoko bwikiraro cyimbere" n "ubwoko bwikiraro cyo hanze".

(1) Ihuza ry'ikiraro cy'imbere

Igishushanyo cyicyerekezo cyikiraro cyimbere cyerekanwe mubishusho 7.

Igishushanyo 7 Wiring Bridge Wiring

Ikiranga ikiraro cyimbere ni uko ibice bibiri byumuzingi DL1 na DL2 bihujwe kumurongo, kuburyo byoroshye kuri

guhagarika no kwinjiza umurongo.Iyo umurongo unaniwe, gusa umuzenguruko wumurongo wumurongo uzahagarikwa, mugihe undi muzunguruko na kabiri

impinduka zirashobora gukomeza gukora.Kubwibyo, mugihe impinduka imwe yananiwe, ibice bibiri byumuzunguruko uhujwe na transformateur bizaba

guhagarikwa, kugirango imirongo ijyanye nayo itazabura serivisi mugihe gito.Kubwibyo, iyi mipaka isanzwe ikoreshwa kumurongo muremure kandi

impinduka zidasaba guhinduranya kenshi.

(2) Ihuza ry'ikiraro cyo hanze

Igishushanyo cyerekana insinga zo mu Bushinwa zo mu mahanga zerekanwa mu gishushanyo cya 8.

Igishushanyo cya 8 Ikiraro cyo hanze

Ibiranga ibiraro byo hanze bihuza nibihuza ikiraro imbere.Iyo transformateur yananiwe cyangwa ikeneye

guhagarikwa mugihe cyibikorwa, gusa imiyoboro yamashanyarazi DL1 na DL2 igomba guhagarikwa bitagize ingaruka kumikorere yumurongo.

Ariko, iyo umurongo unaniwe, bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya transformateur.Kubwibyo, ubu bwoko bwihuza bukwiranye nurubanza aho

umurongo ni mugufi kandi transformateur igomba guhinduka kenshi.Mubisanzwe, ikoreshwa cyane murwego rwo hasi.

Muri rusange, ubwizerwe bwikiraro gihuza ntabwo buri hejuru cyane, kandi rimwe na rimwe birakenewe gukoresha imiyoboro nkibikoresho bikora.

Ariko, kubera ibikoresho bike byakoreshejwe, imiterere yoroshye nigiciro gito, iracyakoreshwa mubikoresho byo gukwirakwiza 35 ~ 220kV.Byongeye, igihe kirekire

nkuko ingamba zifatika zifatwa kumiterere yibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ingufu, ubu bwoko bwihuza bushobora gutera imbere muri bisi imwe cyangwa kabiri

bisi, irashobora rero gukoreshwa nkinzibacyuho ihuza icyiciro cyambere cyumushinga.