Nibihe bisobanuro n'ibisabwa kuriamashanyarazi?

Uburyo bwo gukingira iboneza rya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi burimo: kurinda kurinda, guhuza kutabogama kurinda, guhagarika inshuro nyinshi,

gukora hasi, nibindi. Ihuza ryiza ryamashanyarazi hagati yigice cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi nisi byitwa hasi.Icyuma

umurongozi cyangwa itsinda ryicyuma gihura nubutaka bwisi byitwa umubiri wubutaka: umuyoboro wicyuma uhuza

guhagarika igice cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi kumubiri wubutaka byitwa insinga;Umubiri wubutaka hamwe ninsinga zubutaka ni

hamwe byitwa ibikoresho byo hasi.

Igitekerezo n'ubwoko

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Niba igikoresho cyo gukingira inkuba gisangiye imiyoboro rusange hamwe nubutaka bukora bwibikoresho bya telegraph, birwanya guhagarara

igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa byibuze.

.Gukora

guhagarara ahanini bivuga ishingiro rya transformateur itabogamye cyangwa umurongo utabogamye (N umurongo).N insinga igomba kuba insinga yumuringa.Ngaho

ni ibikoresho bifasha ibikoresho byogukwirakwiza ingufu, kandi ibikoresho byose biri muri guverenema.Tugomba kumenya ko

guhagarika itumanaho ntibishobora kugaragara;Ntigomba kuvangwa nubundi buryo bwo gutaka, nka DC hasi, gukingira ikibuga, anti-static

hasi, n'ibindi;Ntishobora guhuzwa n'umurongo wa PE.

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ibikoresho n'umubiri wo hasi.Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi mu nyubako hamwe nibice bimwe byuma hafi yibikoresho bifitanye isano

Imirongo ya PE, ariko birabujijwe rwose guhuza imirongo ya PE n'imirongo N.

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kugeza amashanyarazi ahamye.Umuringa wibanze wumuringa hamwe nigice kinini gishobora gukoreshwa nkicyerekezo, impera yacyo ihuzwa neza na

ubushobozi bushoboka, naho ubundi impera ikoreshwa mugukoresha DC ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.

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inyubako yubwenge kubikoresho bya elegitoronike yitwa anti-static grounding.

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gufunga ibikoresho nibikoresho birahagaze, aribyo gukingira ikibuga.

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imirongo kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yibimenyetso byo murwego rwo hasi, AC na DC muyunguruzi.Guhinduranya gushungura byitwa power grounding.

Imikorere yubutaka igabanijwemo kurinda kurinda, gukora hasi no kurwanya anti-static

(1) Ibishishwa by'icyuma, beto, inkingi, nibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi birashobora guhabwa amashanyarazi kubera kwangirika kwizuba.Mu rwego rwo gukumira iki kibazo

guhungabanya umutekano bwite no kwirinda impanuka ziterwa n’amashanyarazi, ibishishwa byuma byibikoresho byamashanyarazi bihujwe nigikoresho cyo hasi

kurinda ubutaka.Iyo umubiri wumuntu ukora ku bikoresho byamashanyarazi hamwe nigikonoshwa cyamashanyarazi, kurwanya guhura kwubutaka

umubiri uri munsi cyane yumubiri wumubiri wumuntu, Ibyinshi mubyinjira byinjira mwisi binyuze mumubiri wubutaka, kandi igice gito gusa kinyuramo

umubiri w'umuntu, utazabangamira ubuzima bw'abantu.

(2) Impamvu yakozwe kugirango igenzure neza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi mubihe bisanzwe nimpanuka byitwa gukora

hasi.Kurugero, guhagarara kweruye nuburyo butaziguye bwo kutagira aho bubogamiye kimwe no gusubiramo inshuro zumurongo wa zeru numurabyo

kurinda kurinda byose birakora.Kugirango winjize inkuba mu butaka, huza itumanaho ryumurabyo

ibikoresho byo kurinda (inkoni yumurabyo, nibindi) hasi kugirango bikureho ingaruka mbi yumurabyo ukabije kubikoresho byamashanyarazi, umutungo bwite,

bizwi kandi nka overvoltage kurinda hasi.

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by'ibyago bya electrostatike.

Ibisabwa mugushiraho igikoresho cyo hasi

(1) Umugozi wubutaka muri rusange ni 40mm × 4mm ibyuma bya tekinike.

(2) Umubiri wubutaka ugomba kuba umuyoboro wibyuma cyangwa inguni.Diameter yumuyoboro wibyuma ni 50mm, uburebure bwurukuta rwumuyoboro ntabwo buri munsi

kurenza 3.5mm, n'uburebure ni m 2-3.50mm y'icyuma inguni × 50mm × 5 mm.

(3) Hejuru yumubiri wubutaka ni 0.5 ~ 0.8m uvuye kubutaka kugirango wirinde gutaka ubutaka.Umubare wibyuma cyangwa ibyuma byinguni biterwa

ku butaka burwanya umubiri ukikije umubiri, muri rusange ntabwo uri munsi ya kabiri, kandi intera iri hagati ya 3 ~ 5m

(4) Intera iri hagati yumubiri wubutaka ninyubako igomba kuba irenga 1.5m, nintera iri hagati yumubiri wubutaka na

umubiri wigenga wumurabyo wubutaka ugomba kurenza 3m.

(5) Gusudira kuzenguruka bizakoreshwa muguhuza insinga zubutaka numubiri wubutaka.

Uburyo bwo kugabanya ubukana bwubutaka

(1) Mbere yo gushyiraho igikoresho cyo hasi, hagomba gusobanuka guhangana nubutaka bukikije umubiri wubutaka.Niba ari hejuru cyane,

hafatwa ingamba zikenewe kugira ngo agaciro k’imyigaragambyo yujuje ibisabwa.

(2) Hindura imiterere yubutaka buzengurutse umubiri wubutaka muri 2 ~ 3m yubutaka buzengurutse umubiri wubutaka, hanyuma wongereho ibintu biri

kutemerwa n'amazi kandi bifite amazi meza, nk'amakara, coke cinder cyangwa slag.Ubu buryo burashobora kugabanya kurwanya ubutaka kuri

umwimerere 15 ~ 110.

(3) Koresha umunyu namakara kugirango ugabanye ubutaka.Koresha umunyu namakara kugirango ugabanye ibice.Amakara nibyiza avanze murwego, hafi

Ubugari bwa 10 ~ 15cm, hanyuma 2 ~ 3cm yumunyu birashyirwaho, byose hamwe 5 ~ 8.Nyuma yo gushiraho, gutwara mumubiri.Ubu buryo burashobora kugabanya

kurwanya umwimerere 13 ~ 15.Nyamara, umunyu uzabura n'amazi atemba mugihe, kandi muri rusange birakenewe ko wuzuza ubundi

kurenza imyaka ibiri.

(4) Kurwanya ubutaka birashobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 40% ukoresheje kugabanya imiti ikora imiti myinshi.Kurwanya ubutaka bwibikoresho byamashanyarazi

bizageragezwa rimwe mumwaka mugihe cyizuba n'itumba mugihe hari imvura nke kugirango barebe ko ubutaka bwujuje ibisabwa.Muri rusange, bidasanzwe

ibikoresho (nka ZC-8 zipima kurwanya ibizamini) bikoreshwa mugupima, kandi uburyo bwa ammeter voltmeter nabwo bushobora gukoreshwa mugupima.

Ibiri mu igenzura ryibanze birimo

(1) Niba imiyoboro ihuza irekuye cyangwa ingese.

(2) Niba kwangirika kwinsinga zubutaka hamwe numubiri wubutaka munsi yubutaka byangiritse.

(3) Niba insinga zubutaka hasi zangiritse, zavunitse, zononekaye, nibindi.

umurongo, ugomba kugira igice kitari munsi ya 16 mm2 ya wire ya aluminium na munsi ya 10 mm2 kumurongo winsinga.

(4) Kugirango tumenye imikoreshereze itandukanye yimyitwarire itandukanye, umurongo wicyiciro, umurongo wa zeru n'umurongo urinda bizatandukanywa

amabara atandukanye kugirango abuze umurongo wicyiciro kuvangwa numurongo wa zeru cyangwa umurongo wa zeru ukora kuvangwa na zeru ikingira

umurongo.Kugirango hamenyekane neza neza amasoko atandukanye, hazakoreshwa uburyo butatu bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.

.Imirongo y'abakoresha

ibyo bimaze igihe kinini bidakosorwa, gusaza gukingirwa cyangwa kongera umutwaro, kandi igice ntabwo ari gito, bigomba gusimburwa vuba bishoboka

gukuraho ingaruka z'umuriro w'amashanyarazi no gutanga ibisabwa kugirango imikorere isanzwe ikingira.

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kuba munsi ya 1/2 cyumurongo wicyiciro, hamwe ninsinga zo hasi hamwe ninsinga zidafite aho zibogamiye za sisitemu yo kumurika, yaba ibintu bitatu insinga eshanu cyangwa ikintu kimwe cya gatatu

sisitemu ya wire, igomba kuba imwe numurongo wumurongo.

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y'icyiciro.

.Ntabwo byemewe guhuza

ibikoresho byinshi byamashanyarazi bigomba guhagarikwa murukurikirane rwumugozi umwe.

.², igice

y'insinga ya aluminiyumu yambaye ubusa igomba kuba> 6 mm2, igice cy'insinga z'umuringa zikingiwe zigomba kuba> 2,5 mm2, naho igice cy'insinga ya aluminiyumu igomba kuba> mm 4².

(10) Intera iri hagati yinsinga nubutaka igomba kuba 250-300mm.

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n'umurongo utabogamye wibikoresho ugomba gusiga irangi ryubururu bwerurutse.

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(13) Iyo insinga y'ubutaka isuditswe, gusudira lap bizakoreshwa mu gusudira insinga z'ubutaka.Uburebure bwa lap bugomba kuba bujuje ibisabwa igorofa

ibyuma bikubye inshuro 2 ubugari (kandi byibuze impande 3 zirasudwa), naho ibyuma bizenguruka bikubye inshuro 6 diameter (kandi birakenewe gusudira impande zombi).Iyo

ibyuma bizunguruka bihujwe nicyuma kiringaniye, uburebure bwo gusudira bwa lap ni inshuro 6 zicyuma kizengurutse (kandi birakenewe gusudira impande zombi).

.Iyo umuringa uringaniye

insinga zoroshye zikoreshwa nkinsinga zubutaka, uburebure bugomba kuba bukwiye, kandi imitsi isunika igomba guhuzwa nicyuma cyo hasi.

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imiyoboro ya gride nibikoresho byamashanyarazi, kandi nta gucika kugabanya igice cyinsinga zubutaka, bitabaye ibyo bizafatwa nkinenge.

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y'ibikoresho.Niba ibibazo bibonetse, ibitera bigomba gusesengurwa no gukemurwa mugihe gikwiye.

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Ishami hakurikijwe amategeko agenga ihererekanyabubasha no gukumira ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, hamwe no guhagarika ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi make.

bizakorwa nishami rifite ububasha bwibikoresho.

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gutembera mu butaka unyuze mu gikoresho cyo hasi mugihe habaye uruziga rugufi rwimbere ninyuma rwibikoresho byubutaka.Ibiriho bizagenwa

ukurikije uburyo ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa sisitemu nyuma yimyaka 5 kugeza 10 yiterambere, hamwe nigihe gito cyumuzunguruko hagati ya

Gutsindira ingingo zidafite aho zibogamiye muri sisitemu hamwe no gutandukanya imashanyarazi ngufi itandukanijwe mumashanyarazi.

Ibikoresho bikurikira bigomba guhagarara

(1) Igiceri cya kabiri cya transformateur yubu.

(2) Ibirindiro byimbaho ​​zo gukwirakwiza hamwe ninama yo kugenzura.

(3) Uruzitiro rwa moteri.

(4) Igikonoshwa cyumugozi uhuriweho nagasanduku nicyuma cyumugozi.

(5) Icyuma fatizo cyangwa amazu ya switch hamwe nigikoresho cyayo.

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(7) Imiyoboro y'icyuma yo mu nzu no hanze.

(8) Gupima metero yubutaka.

(9) Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'amatara.

(10) Ikadiri yicyuma cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi murugo no hanze hamwe na bariyeri yicyuma cyibice bizima.

Ibisabwa bijyanye na moteri

.Niba ari kure yubutaka nyamukuru

umurongo cyangwa insinga iringaniye yicyuma itunganijwe kugirango ihindure ubwiza bwibidukikije, umubiri usanzwe ugomba gukoreshwa kugeza

birashoboka, cyangwa umugozi wumuringa uringaniye ugomba gukoreshwa nkumugozi wubutaka.

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guhuza insinga.

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neza kandi neza.

Ibisabwa bijyanye na switchboard

.Niba ari kure

umurongo nyamukuru wubutaka cyangwa icyuma kiringaniye cyicyuma kigira ingaruka kubwiza bwibidukikije, umubiri wubutaka ugomba kuba

gukoreshwa uko bishoboka kwose, cyangwa insinga z'umuringa woroshye zigomba gukoreshwa nkumugozi wubutaka.

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insinga y'umuringa ikingiwe ikoreshwa, igice ntigishobora kuba munsi ya 4mm2.

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gukwirakwiza ikibaho igikonoshwa kugirango gihuze umurongo wicyiciro.

(5) Igikonoshwa cyikibaho cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi yizewe hamwe numubiri wubutaka urashobora kuba udafite aho uhuriye.

Igenzura nuburyo bwo gupima insinga

(1) Mbere yikizamini, intera ihagije yumutekano igomba kubikwa mubikoresho byapimwe kugirango birinde guhura nimpanuka nibice bizima kandi bizunguruka,

kandi ikizamini kizakorwa n'abantu babiri.

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metero yerekana 0.

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icyuma cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi.

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hejuru ya oxyde igomba gukurwaho kugirango tumenye neza.

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