Mu masoko azwi y’ingufu zisukuye, ingufu zizuba ntagushidikanya ni ingufu zishobora kongera iterambere kandi zifite nini nini

ububiko ku isi.Ku bijyanye no gukoresha ingufu z'izuba, uzabanze utekereze kubyara amashanyarazi.Nyuma ya byose, turabishoboye

reba imodoka zizuba, amashanyarazi yizuba nibindi bintu mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.Mubyukuri, hari ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha ingufu zizuba, ubushyuhe bwizuba

kubyara ingufu.

Sobanukirwa n'umucyo n'ubushyuhe, ibuka urumuri n'ubushyuhe

Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque no kubyara amashanyarazi byose bikoresha ingufu zizuba kubyara amashanyarazi.Itandukaniro ni uko

ihame ryo gukoresha riratandukanye.

Ingaruka ya Photovoltaque nihame shingiro ryamashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba, kandi izuba nirwo rutwara kurangiza guhinduka

y'ingufu z'izuba kugeza ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Imirasire y'izuba ni igice cya semiconductor kirimo PN ihuza.Ihuriro rya PN rishobora gukurura izuba kandi

shiraho umurima w'amashanyarazi imbere.Iyo umutwaro runaka uhujwe kumpande zombi zumuriro wamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi azabyara umutwaro.

Inzira yose nihame shingiro ryamashanyarazi yizuba.

Ihame ryo kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni uguhuza urumuri rw'izuba rukusanya izuba binyuze mu cyuma kimurika, koresha izuba

imbaraga zo gushyushya ubushyuhe bwohereza (amazi cyangwa gaze) mukusanya, hanyuma ushyushya amazi kugirango ube amavuta yo gutwara cyangwa gutwara neza

amashanyarazi kubyara amashanyarazi.

Muri make, ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zigabanyijemo ibice bitatu: igice cyo gukusanya ubushyuhe, ukoresheje ingufu z'izuba kugirango ushushe ubushyuhe

giciriritse, hanyuma amaherezo atwara moteri kubyara ingufu binyuze mumashanyarazi.Kuri buri murongo, hari inzira zitandukanye zo

siyanse gerageza gukora igishushanyo cyiza.Kurugero, hari ubwoko bune bwo gukusanya ubushyuhe: ubwoko bwikibanza, umunara wubwoko, isahani

ubwoko na Nefel ubwoko;Mubisanzwe, amazi, amavuta yubunyu cyangwa umunyu ushongeshejwe bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe;Hanyuma, imbaraga zirashobora

byakozwe binyuze mumashanyarazi Rankine cycle, CO2 Brayton cycle cyangwa moteri ya Stirling.

None amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba akora ate?Tuzakoresha umushinga wo kwerekana washyizwe mubikorwa kugirango dusobanure birambuye.

Ubwa mbere, urugomero rw'izuba rugizwe na heliostats.Heliostat iyobowe na mudasobwa kandi ikazenguruka izuba.Irashobora kwerekana urumuri rw'izuba rwa

umunsi kugeza ku ngingo nkuru.Heliostat itwikiriye agace gato, irashobora gushyirwa ukwayo, kandi irashobora guhuza na terrain idafite umusingi wimbitse.

Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rurimo amagana ya heliostat, ashobora guhuzwa hagati ya WIFI kugirango arusheho gukora neza, yibanda ku zuba

gutekereza kuri nini nini ihinduranya ubushyuhe yakira hejuru yumunara.

Mubakira, amazi yumunyu yashongeshejwe ashobora gukuramo ubushyuhe bwakusanyirijwe mumirasire yizuba hano binyuze murukuta rwinyuma rwumuyoboro.Muri iri koranabuhanga,

umunyu ushongeshejwe urashobora gushyuha kuva kuri dogere 500 Fahrenheit kugeza kuri dogere zirenga 1000 Fahrenheit.Umunyu ushongeshejwe nuburyo bwiza bukurura ubushyuhe

kuberako irashobora kugumana ubushyuhe bwagutse bwakazi murwego rwashongeshejwe, bigatuma sisitemu igera ku mbaraga nziza kandi zifite umutekano

kwinjiza no kubika mugihe cyumuvuduko muke.

Nyuma yo kunyura mu cyuma gikurura ubushyuhe, umunyu ushongeshejwe utemba umanuka unyuze mu miyoboro yo mu munara hanyuma winjira mu kigega kibika ubushyuhe.

Nyuma yibyo, ingufu zibikwa muburyo bwubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwashongeshejwe kugirango bikoreshwe byihutirwa.Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga ni ayo mazi

umunyu ushongeshejwe ntushobora gukusanya ingufu gusa, ahubwo unatandukanya ikusanyirizo ryamashanyarazi.

Iyo amashanyarazi akenewe kumanywa cyangwa nijoro, amazi nubushyuhe bwo hejuru byashongeshejwe mukigega cyamazi bigenda byinjira muri

imashini itanga ibyuka.

Umunyu ushongeshejwe umaze gukoreshwa kugirango habeho umwuka, umunyu ukonje ushonje ukonjeshwa ugasubira mububiko unyuze mu muyoboro, hanyuma ugasubira kuri

kongera ubushyuhe, kandi birashyuha nkuko inzira ikomeza.

Nyuma yo gutwara turbine, amavuta azashyirwa hamwe hanyuma asubizwe mu kigega cyo kubikamo amazi, kizasubira kuri moteri itanga ingufu nibiba ngombwa.

Amazi meza yo mu rwego rwohejuru ashyushye atwara turbine ikora hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse, kugirango bibyare umusaruro wizewe kandi uhoraho

imbaraga mugihe cyo gukenera ingufu.Inzira yo kubyara ibyuka isa niy'amashanyarazi asanzwe cyangwa amashanyarazi ya kirimbuzi,

n'itandukaniro ko rishobora kuvugururwa rwose kandi rifite imyanda ya zeru hamwe n’ibyuka byangiza.Ndetse na nyuma y'umwijima, amashanyarazi arashobora gutanga

ingufu zizewe zituruka kumirasire y'izuba ishobora kuvugururwa kubisabwa.

Ibyavuzwe haruguru nibikorwa byose byitsinda ryamashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Waba wumva neza izuba

kubyara amashanyarazi?

Rero, nabwo kubyara ingufu z'izuba.Kuki amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba buri gihe "atazwi"?Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba afite ingufu runaka

agaciro k'ubushakashatsi mumuryango wubumenyi.Kuki idakoreshwa cyane mubuzima bwa buri munsi?

Amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi vs amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi, niyihe nziza?

Gukoresha ubwoko bumwe bwingufu byabyaye isano itandukanye, itandukanijwe nibyiza nibibi byizuba

kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi no kubyara amashanyarazi.

Urebye gukusanya ubushyuhe, ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bisaba ahantu hashobora gukoreshwa kuruta amashanyarazi.

Amashanyarazi yumuriro, nkuko izina ryayo abivuga, ifata ubushyuhe nkibisanzwe kandi bisaba imirasire yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, mugihe Photovoltaic

ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri rusange ntizisabwa cyane ubushyuhe.Ubwinshi bwimirasire yizuba aho dutuye ntibihagije

kubaka amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Kubwibyo, mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ntabwo tumenyereye kubyara ingufu zumuriro wizuba.

Urebye ukurikije uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, umunyu ushongeshejwe nibindi bintu bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi yumuriro ni

iruta igiciro cyinshi nubuzima buke bwamafoto ya fotovoltaque bitewe nigiciro cyayo gito, agaciro gakomeye nikoreshwa rirambye.Kubwibyo, imbaraga

ubushobozi bwo kubika amashanyarazi yumuriro ararenze cyane ayo kubyara amashanyarazi.Igihe kimwe, kubera i

Ingaruka nziza yo kubika ingufu, ingufu zumuriro wizuba ntizizagerwaho cyane nikirere nibidukikije mugihe bihujwe

urusobemiyoboro, hamwe nigisubizo cyacyo kuri grid umutwaro uhindagurika uzaba muke.Kubwibyo, mubijyanye ningufu zitanga ingufu, izuba ryumuriro

ibisekuru nibyiza kuruta amashanyarazi.

Urebye ku ihuriro ryogukoresha ubushyuhe buciriritse bwo gutwara moteri, kubyara amashanyarazi bisaba gusa

guhinduranya amashanyarazi, mugihe ingufu zamashanyarazi zisaba guhinduranya amafoto nyuma yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi, birashoboka

reba ko intambwe zo kubyara amashanyarazi arushijeho kuba ingorabahizi.

Nyamara, ihuriro rimwe ryiyongera ryamashanyarazi yizuba rirashobora gukoreshwa mubindi bice.Kurugero, ubushyuhe butangwa nizuba

kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi birashobora kugabanya umunyu wamazi yinyanja, amazi yinyanja yangiza, kandi birashobora no gukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda.Ibi

yerekana ko ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa cyane kuruta amashanyarazi.

Ariko icyarimwe, ubunararibonye burahuza ni, nibisabwa ibisabwa kugirango umenye siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga bizaba, kandi

bizagorana cyane kubishyira mubikorwa byubuhanga.Gukora amashanyarazi yumuriro biragoye kuruta gufotora

kubyara amashanyarazi, hamwe nubushinwa niterambere ryiterambere ryamashanyarazi atangira nyuma yingufu zamashanyarazi

ibisekuruza.Kubwibyo, tekinoroji yo kubyara ingufu zamafoto iracyatunganijwe.

Imirasire y'izuba ninzira nziza cyane yo gukemura ibibazo byubu byingufu, umutungo nibidukikije.Kuva ingufu z'izuba zabonetse

gukoreshwa, ibintu byo kubura ingufu byagabanutse kurwego runaka.Ibyiza nibiranga ingufu zizuba

itume idasimburwa mubice byinshi byingufu.

Nuburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwo gukoresha ingufu zizuba, tekinoroji yumuriro wumuriro wizuba hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryamashanyarazi yizuba

ufite ibyiza bitandukanye nibisabwa, kandi bifite inyungu zabo hamwe niterambere ryiterambere.Aho amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

iratera imbere neza, hagomba kubaho amashanyarazi yumuriro wizuba hamwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.Murebure

kwiruka, byombi biruzuzanya.

Nubwo ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ritazwi neza kubera impamvu zimwe, ni amahitamo meza ugereranije n'ibiciro,

gukoresha ingufu, ingano yo gusaba hamwe nububiko.Dufite impamvu zo kwizera ko umunsi umwe, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

ikoranabuhanga hamwe n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bizahinduka inkingi yiterambere rirambye, rihujwe kandi rihamye ryiterambere

ubumenyi bwa muntu n'ikoranabuhanga.